Volume 2 - Issue 3, May - June 2026

The rapid expansion of urbanization, industrialization, and infrastructure development across the world has resulted in a substantial increase in the consumption of construction materials, particularly natural river sand used as fine aggregate in concrete production. Excessive extraction of river sand has created serious environmental issues such as riverbank erosion, depletion of groundwater resources, destruction of aquatic ecosystems, and ecological imbalance. Simultaneously, foundry industries generate enormous quantities of industrial waste in the form of Waste Foundry Sand (WFS), creating significant disposal, environmental, and economic challenges. Large amounts of WFS are disposed of in landfills every year, occupying valuable land space and increasing waste management costs. Waste Foundry Sand is a high-quality silica-rich by-product obtained from ferrous and non-ferrous metal casting industries after repeated use in moulding and core-making processes. Due to its favorable physical and chemical properties, including high silica content, fine particle size distribution, and good thermal stability, WFS has emerged as a promising alternative material for replacing natural fine aggregate in concrete production. The utilization of Waste Foundry Sand in concrete not only provides an effective solution for industrial waste management but also contributes significantly to sustainable development by conserving natural resources and reducing environmental pollution. Incorporating WFS into concrete promotes the concept of green construction and supports circular economy principles by converting industrial waste into valuable construction materials. This review paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of previous research studies related to the application of Waste Foundry Sand in concrete. The paper critically analyses the influence of WFS on various fresh and hardened properties of concrete, including workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, durability, water absorption characteristics, and long-term performance. Furthermore, the environmental and economic benefits associated with WFS utilization are discussed in detail. The findings from various studies indicate that the optimum replacement level of natural sand with Waste Foundry Sand generally ranges between 20% and 40%. Within this range, concrete exhibits improved compressive strength, enhanced particle packing density, reduced permeability, and lower water absorption while maintaining acceptable workability characteristics. However, replacement levels beyond the optimum percentage may adversely affect concrete performance due to excess fines and reduced bonding efficiency. Overall, Waste Foundry Sand demonstrates considerable potential for producing low-cost, durable, environmentally sustainable, and high-performance concrete. Its utilization can substantially reduce dependence on natural river sand, minimize industrial waste disposal problems, lower construction costs, and contribute towards sustainable infrastructure development. Future research should focus on long-term durability studies, fiber-reinforced WFS concrete, and large-scale field implementation to fully establish its practical applications in the construction industry.

Mr.Suraj Raju Kesharwani, Mr.Ishant B. Dahat,"Use of Waste Foundry Sand in Evaluation of Low-Cost Concrete" International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Educational Development, V2(3): Page(1227-1235) May-June 2026. ISSN: 3107-6513. www.ijamred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.