Volume 2 - Issue 3, May - June 2026

Soil–Structure Interaction (SSI) plays a significant role in determining the seismic performance of buildings. Traditional seismic design approaches generally assume a fixed-base condition, neglecting the influence of soil flexibility and foundation compliance. However, numerous studies have demonstrated that SSI can considerably alter the dynamic characteristics of structures, including natural periods, damping ratios, base shear, inter-storey drift, and foundation forces. This review paper presents a comprehensive assessment of recent advances in SSI research, focusing on seismic behaviour of multi-storey buildings. Various modelling techniques including analytical methods, finite element approaches, simplified spring-based models, and nonlinear soil–foundation representations are examined. The influence of soil conditions, foundation systems, structural irregularities, and ground motion characteristics on seismic response is critically reviewed. Recent developments in structure–soil–structure interaction (SSSI), performance-based design, resilience assessment, and computational modelling are also discussed. The review identifies major research gaps and highlights the need for practical yet reliable SSI modelling approaches suitable for engineering applications.

Mr.Tushar K. Rathod, Mr.Ishant B. Dahat,"Soil – Structure Interaction (SSI) Effects on Seismic Behaviour of Buildings Using Finite Element Modelling" International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Educational Development, V2(3): Page(1172-1179) May-June 2026. ISSN: 3107-6513. www.ijamred.com. Published by Scientific and Academic Research Publishing.